A little digging and what it appears to be doing is heating the rust enough so it flashes off as plasma. The uinderlying iron is apparently a good enough "mirror" that the laser doesn't cause (significant) ablation to happen there. The laser sends out very short high wattage pulses so the peak heating is quite high but the average is pretty low. Apparently these have been a "thing" in industry for a while https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_ablation at least at larger scale. Most of the trick seems to be to get the wavelength of the laser to align with the best absorption frequency of the material being removed.
A little digging and what it appears to be doing is heating the rust enough so it flashes off as plasma. The uinderlying iron is apparently a good enough "mirror" that the laser doesn't cause (significant) ablation to happen there. The laser sends out very short high wattage pulses so the peak heating is quite high but the average is pretty low. Apparently these have been a "thing" in industry for a while https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_ablation at least at larger scale. Most of the trick seems to be to get the wavelength of the laser to align with the best absorption frequency of the material being removed.
I was wondering the same thing. Then I started wondering what metals it would work on, and how it might affect tempuring. (could it be used on car bodies? Old hand planes? Aircraft?)